Premium
Natural Treatment and Onsite Processes
Author(s) -
Gude Veera Gnaneswar,
Truax Dennis D.,
Magbanua Benjamin S.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.2175/106143013x13698672322020
Subject(s) - bioretention , swale , environmental science , pollutant , sewage treatment , wetland , wastewater , constructed wetland , environmental engineering , stormwater , greenhouse gas , waste management , surface runoff , engineering , ecology , biology
This paper provides a review of the treatment technologies which utilize natural processes or passive components in wastewater treatment. The paper primarily focuses on wetland systems and their applications in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or decentralized system), nutrient and pollutant removal (single and multiple pollutants, and metals), and emerging pollutant removal (pharmaceuticals). A summary of studies involving the plant (vegetation) effects, wetland design and modeling, hybrid and innovative systems, storm water treatment, grass swales, bioretention and other issues involving climate change and greenhouse gas emissions is also provided.