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Studies on the Movements of Ionic Selectivity, Compatible Solutes, and Intracellular Ions Caused in the Leaves of Spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants Cultured in a Nutrient Solution with Seawater
Author(s) -
Sun Jin,
Jia Yongxia,
Guo Shirong,
Chen Lifang
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.2175/106143009x12465435982890
Subject(s) - spinacia , spinach , seawater , chemistry , artificial seawater , sodium , potassium , magnesium , nuclear chemistry , biochemistry , botany , food science , biology , organic chemistry , ecology , chloroplast , gene
Analyses of ionic selectivity, compatible solutes, and intracellular ions in the leaves of spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) plants cultured in the Hoagland's nutrient solution with or without seawater (40%) were carried out using two cultivars—the Helan No.3 (seawater tolerant) and the Yuanye (seawater sensitive). When both cultivars were subjected to seawater stress, the leaves of the Helan No. 3 spinach preferred potassium (K + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), and sulfate (SO 4 2− ) over sodium (Na + ) and chlorine (Cl − ) to keep high ratios of K/Na, Mg/Na, Ca/Na, and SO 4 2− /Cl − compared with the Yanye spinach. Moreover, those of the Helan No. 3 spinach under the seawater stress showed high efficiency of accumulation of compatible solutes (sugars and proline), low degradation of proteins, and suppression of free amino acids. However, the activities of plasma membrane H + ‐ATPase and tonoplast H + ‐ATPase in the leaves of spinach with the stress were enhanced. Taken together, the Helan No. 3 spinach under the seawater stress seems to acquire a high tolerance to the seawater salinity by inducing a high ion uptake, low concentration of Na + and Cl − , efficient accumulation of compatible solutes, low decomposition of proteins, and suppression of free amino acids in the leaves.