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Incinerator Slag Formation and Control of Excursion Temperatures
Author(s) -
Greenwood Stephen,
Geisenhoff Jack
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.2175/106143003x141123
Subject(s) - slag (welding) , incineration , fly ash , softening point , metallurgy , pellets , dewatering , excursion , waste management , materials science , mineralogy , chemistry , composite material , geology , geotechnical engineering , political science , law , engineering
An evaluation of slag formation was initiated to reduce incinerator slag. A factorial test was used to determine the effect of polymers, primary/secondary sludge ratio, and dewatering equipment on ash fusion temperatures (ASTM D‐1857). None of the parameters affected the initial deformation or softening temperatures, 1141 and 1181 °C, respectively. Incinerators experience slag formation several hundred degrees lower than the measured ash fusion temperature test results.
A new test was developed to determine ash fusion temperature. More than seventy 5‐cm ash cubes were formed and heated in sets to temperatures of 816, 871, 899, 927, 954, 982, 1038, and 1093 °C. The compressive strength of each cube was measured to determine at what temperature fusion begins. A water spray system was built to control excursion temperatures and slag formation. Supplemental water for cooling excursion temperatures requires approximately 4 times less mass than air. Water injected to the incinerator condenses in the wet scrubber; therefore, there is no additional mass load to the incinerator fan. This process study defined the effect of temperature on slag formation.