The Emergence of Novel Coronavirus Disease, Global Treatment Update and its Containment Strategies in Overpopulated Countries: A Review

: The ongoing pandemic of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has createda major challenge for the public health worldwide. The reported cases indicate that the outbreak ismore widespread than initially assumed. Around 18 million people have been infected with689,000 reported deaths (August 2020; the number is increasing daily); with a high mutation rate,this virus poses an even more serious threat worldwide. The actual source of COVID-19 is still unclear;even if the initial reports link it to the Chinese seafood wet market in Wuhan, other animalssuch as birds, snakes, and many small mammals including bats are also linked with this novel coronavirus.The structure of the COVID-19 shows distinctive proteins among which spike proteinshave a pivotal role in host cell attachment and virus-cell membrane fusion in order to facilitatevirus infection. Currently, no specific antiviral treatment or vaccine is available. Various drug candidates,including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV protease inhibitors, neuraminidase inhibitors, RNAsynthesis inhibitors, ACE2 inhibitors and lungs supportive therapy, are under trials. Cell-based therapyalso appeared with remarkable treatment possibilities. In this article, we endeavored tosuccinctly cover the current and available treatment options, including pharmaceuticals, cell-basedtherapy, and traditional medicine. We also focused on the extent of damages by this novel coronavirusin India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh; the strategies adopted and the research activities initiatedso far by these densely populated countries (neighboring China) are explained in this review.