Open AccessA Review on Catastrophic Evolution of SARS-CoV to SARS-CoV2: A Global Pandemic
Author(s) -
Sushmita Krishnan,
Darshini Subramanian,
Sri Sakthi Priyadarshini Rajamani
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
coronaviruses
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2666-7975
pISSN - 2666-7967
DOI - 10.2174/2666796701999200917125700
Subject(s) - pandemic , coronaviridae , coronavirus , outbreak , virology , druggability , middle east respiratory syndrome , biology , covid-19 , infectious disease (medical specialty) , disease , immunology , medicine , genetics , pathology , gene
: The coronaviruses, belonging to the family Coronaviridae, have caused a massive pandemicin December 2019 after their previous outbreaks as SARS-CoV and MERS. The outbreak is believed tohave originated from the seafood and live market in the Hubei province of China. The Rhinolophusspecies are the natural hosts of this virus. This virus caused pneumonia and took away many lives beforeit was recognized as the novel Coronavirus. Very little information is available about the biologyand nature of the novel Coronavirus. This article reviews multiple aspects encompassing its origin, epidemiology,pathogenesis, symptoms, and the global statistics of spread. Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is the key symptom of this condition. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) helpsin the penetration of the virus into the target cells. Deeper research and understanding are essential forthe identification of antibodies that inhibit ACE2 and can prevent viral replication. Drug design andcontrol of disease are crucial. In countries like India, where plant diversity is extensive, it is prudent tofocus on plant-based alternative drugs. Many attempts have been made to review and curate the drugdiscovery attempts using immuno-informatic and bioinformatic tools.