Open AccessPrevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Predictors of Body Image Disturbance in Adolescence
Author(s) -
James Collison,
Harrison Lisa,
Yan Zhou,
Batoul Khodakarami,
Mansoureh Refaei,
Javad Faradmal,
Uraki Hakime,
Cristine Gonçalves Pontes Lígia,
Michiko Yokoyama Cardoso Cristina,
Moraes Callegari Daihany,
Pinho dos Reis Sávio,
do Socorro Alves Namias Érika,
da Cunha Ferreira Solange,
Regina Batista de Souza Cláudia,
Seok-Joo Park,
YunJung Lee,
Park Jeong-Ho,
Jin Hyoung-Tae,
Choi Myoung-Ju,
Jung Cha-Gyun,
Hiroyasu Akatsu,
Choi Eun-Kyoung,
Kim Yong-Sun,
Filippo Maffezzoni,
Teresa Porcelli,
Andrea Delbarba,
Pezzaioli Letizia,
Carlo Cappelli,
Alberto Ferlin,
Seo Hye-Jin,
Sujin Lee,
Jieun Kim,
JunHyeog Jang,
Memmos Evangelos,
Papagianni Aikaterini,
Atieh Hashemi,
Gorji-bahri Gilar
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
adolescent psychiatry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2210-6774
pISSN - 2210-6766
DOI - 10.2174/2210676610999200420112129
Subject(s) - body dysmorphic disorder , psychopathology , clinical psychology , psychology , population , seriousness , psychological intervention , psychiatry , medicine , environmental health , political science , law
Background: Body dysmorphic disorder encompasses a range of cognitive andbehavioural states stemming from distressing, negative evaluations of one’s appearance. Despitethe seriousness of this condition, little is known about who is likely to receive a diagnosisand more importantly what the putative risk factors are. This is particularly so amongadolescent samples, where the extant literature is considerably smaller. Objective: This study had two broad aims: to estimate the prevalence of body dysmorphicdisorder within a young-adult population, and to examine the predictors of body image disturbance. Methods: Three-hundred and four adolescents (242 females; Mage = 17.68) completed theBody Image Disturbance Questionnaire and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire,along with measures of clinical psychopathology, self-esteem, experiences of parenting, andbullying. Results: Body dysmorphic disorder was present in 3.9% of the sample, which is in line withprevious estimates among adolescents. More interestingly, results indicated that instances ofhigh stress, low self-esteem, and reported experiences of bullying were able to predict 48%of body image dissatisfaction. Conclusions: Psychological interventions should be directed towards adolescents with bodyimage concerns, especially if they also report bullying, elevated stress, or diminished selfesteem.However, additional research is still warranted to gain an increasingly accurate understandingof the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder and who is susceptible to developingthis disorder and how we can best serve these individuals in the community.