Open AccessFormulation and Antibacterial Potential of Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) against Oral Pathogenic Bacteria: An In Vitro Study
Author(s) -
Ameta Primasari,
Eti Apriyanti,
Nurul Ambardhani,
Mieke Hemiawati Satari,
Yetty Herdiyati,
Dikdik Kurnia
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
the open dentistry journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.428
H-Index - 25
ISSN - 1874-2106
DOI - 10.2174/18742106-v16-e2112140
Subject(s) - streptococcus mutans , enterococcus faecalis , microbiology and biotechnology , bacteria , antibacterial activity , traditional medicine , chlorhexidine , antibacterial agent , pathogenic bacteria , chemistry , biology , antibiotics , staphylococcus aureus , medicine , dentistry , genetics
Background: Dental diseases are generally caused by oral bacteria such as Enterococcus faecalis , Streptococcus mutans , and Streptococcus sanguinis . These bacteria have resistance to synthetic drugs; thus, it is required to discover new antibacterial agents. Sarang Semut ( Myrmecodia pendans ) has been empirically used as a medicinal plant to treat various conditions, including those caused by pathogenic bacteria. Objective: The present study was aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of Sarang Semut extracts against E. faecalis , S. mutans , and S. sanguinis . Materials and Methods: Sarang Semut was extracted with several solvents to yield n -hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts. Each extract and combination were adjusted for assay with chlorhexidine, fosfomycin, and quercetin and used as positive controls. Results: The n -hexane extract showed activity with inhibition zone values of 7.15 and 10.45 ppm against E. faecalis and S. mutans at 1%, respectively. All combination extracts could inhibit the growth of E. faecalis and S. sanguinis . The synergistic effects resulting from the combination of extract-fosfomycin were also presented in this evaluation, with the strongest shown by water-fosfomycin against S. mutans , with inhibition zones of 28.5 mm at 1%. Conclusion: Sarang Semut extracts demonstrated antibacterial activity against oral pathogenic bacteria. These results offer alternative natural sources for the new antibacterial drug candidate.