Open AccessNeuropsychiatric Aspects in Men with Klinefelter Syndrome
Author(s) -
Vito Angelo Giagulli,
Beatrice Campone,
Marco Castellana,
Ciro Salzano,
Alessandra D. Fisher,
Cristina de Angelis,
Rosario Pivonello,
Annamaria Colao,
Daniela Pasquali,
Mario Maggi,
Vincenzo Triggiani
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
endocrine, metabolic and immune disorders. drug targets
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2212-3873
pISSN - 1871-5303
DOI - 10.2174/1871530318666180703160250
Subject(s) - klinefelter syndrome , neurocognitive , depression (economics) , medicine , psychiatry , anxiety , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , autism , psychology , psychosis , clinical psychology , pediatrics , cognition , economics , macroeconomics
Klinefelter Syndrome (KS) is the most common sex chromosome aneuploidy (47, XXY) and cause of male hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. It is characterized by an extreme clinical heterogeneity in presentation, including infertility, hypogonadism, language delay, metabolic comorbidities, and neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders. Since testosterone is known to have organizational, neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects on brain, the condition of primary hypogonadism could play a role. Moreover, given that KS subjects have an additional X, genes on the extra-chromosome could also exert a significant impact. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze the available literature on the relationship between KS and neuropsychiatric disorders.