Open AccessGene Therapy in the Anterior Eye Segment
Author(s) -
Cynthia Amador,
Ruchi Shah,
Sean Ghiam,
Andrei A. Kramerov,
Alexander V. Ljubimov
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
current gene therapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.704
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1875-5631
pISSN - 1566-5232
DOI - 10.2174/1566523221666210423084233
Subject(s) - trabecular meshwork , genetic enhancement , anterior eye segment , cornea , medicine , glaucoma , corneal dystrophy , corneal neovascularization , conjunctiva , keratitis , gene delivery , ophthalmology , bioinformatics , gene , biology , pathology , neovascularization , cancer research , genetics , angiogenesis
: This review provides comprehensive information about the advances in gene therapy inthe anterior segment of the eye, including cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, and trabecular meshwork.We discuss gene delivery systems, including viral and non-viral vectors as well as gene editingtechniques, mainly CRISPR-Cas9, and epigenetic treatments, including antisense and siRNAtherapeutics. We also provide a detailed analysis of various anterior segment diseases where genetherapy has been tested with corresponding outcomes. Disease conditions include corneal and conjunctivalfibrosis and scarring, corneal epithelial wound healing, corneal graft survival, corneal neovascularization,genetic corneal dystrophies, herpetic keratitis, glaucoma, dry eye disease, andother ocular surface diseases. Although most of the analyzed results on the use and validity of genetherapy at the ocular surface have been obtained in vitro or using animal models, we also discussthe available human studies. Gene therapy approaches are currently considered very promising asemerging future treatments of various diseases, and this field is rapidly expanding.