Open AccessAutonomous Driving – How to Apply Safety Principles
Author(s) -
Х. Шебе
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
nadëžnostʹ
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2500-3909
pISSN - 1729-2646
DOI - 10.21683/1729-2646-2019-19-3-21-33
Subject(s) - automation , train , functional safety , transport engineering , system safety , risk analysis (engineering) , vehicle safety , engineering , active safety , systems engineering , safety standards , computer science , computer security , reliability engineering , automotive engineering , business , mechanical engineering , cartography , geography
We discuss safety principles of autonomous driving road vehicles. First, we provide a comparison between principles and experience of autonomous or automatic systems on rails and on the road. An automatic metro operates in a controlled and well-defined environment, passengers and third persons are separated from driving trains by fences, tunnels, etc. A road vehicle operates in a much more complex environment. Further, we discuss safety principles. The application of safety principles (e.g. fail-safe or safe-life) is used to design and implement a safe system that eventually fulfils the requirements of the functional safety standards. The different responsibility of human driver and technical driving system in different automation levels for autonomous driving vehicles require the application of safety principles. We consider, which safety principles have to be applied using general safety principles and analysing the relevant SAE level based on the experience from projects for the five levels of automated driving as defined by the SAE. Depending on the level of automation, the technical systems are implemented as fail-silent, fails-safe or as safe-life.