Methodological Abilities of Systemic and Synergistic Approaches to the Study of Project Thinking

The present research features project thinking in relation to the realities of the modern dynamic and non-predetermined world. The author specifies the need for a fundamentally new understanding of the essence of the processes that make up the substantial foundation of project thinking as the competence of a modern manager in the logic of project management. The paper describes various aspects of the application of project thinking in various, primarily humanitarian, areas of scientific knowledge. It introduces an attempt to specify the definition of project thinking with due account of the modern requirements for a company manager. The author describes the problems of studying project thinking in modern psychological science and points to the methodological inconsistency of the linear, eclectic conception of project thinking that does not take into account the system-synergetic features of this phenomenon. For instance, the inability of the old linear-eclectic model of project thinking to explain that a subject of project activity cannot create and effectively implement a project in an application area even if the subject of project activity has a high efficiency of separated components of project thinking. The paper gives an outline of the methodological abilities of the system approach and synergetic approach in relation to the study of project thinking, as well as delimited synergic and synergistic comprehension of complicated processes, including psychological processes in relation to project thinking. Finally, the author identifies the problems associated with the consideration of project thinking through the prism of the system and synergistic approaches and proposes some instrumental ways to overcome these difficulties.