Prolegomena to the System-Anthropological Theory of Thinking

The article features preliminary "conceptual optics" necessary for understanding the problem of thinking from the perspective of post- non-classical psychology. The study focused on methodological gaps  in the formulation and solution of the problem of thinking within the  framework of positivist-oriented approaches. They proved to be  connected with building a one-dimensional-instrumental view of a  thinking person as a gnoseological subject. The view is often reduced to an operator of cognitive processes, artificially derived from the  framework of one’s own historicity and existential datum of life. It  reveals the existential-anthropological givenness of human thinking,  taken in the context of one’s own life world and one’s own life relationships, as well as in the context of the trans-perspective of becoming and complicating its "cogital identity". The author substantiates the view that thinking of a holistically  understood person acts as a form of life-realization, and all thinking events are evidence of one’s attempts to thematisation and  constitution of one’s "cogital identity" and resistance to "co- deindividualization". The study revealed a need to expand the  research focus of the psychology of thinking, so that its positive heuristics were not limited to the mental apparatus of the  averaged operator of cognitive processes, but include existential givenness and the capabilities of a living historical  personality that realizes meaningful existential relations with itself  and the world in thinking.