Open AccessBIOREMEDIATION OF POLLUTED KAMLA RIVER WATER BY PHYSICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES
Author(s) -
Ritesh Kumar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of advanced research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2320-5407
DOI - 10.21474/ijar01/13514
Subject(s) - bioremediation , biostimulation , environmental remediation , environmental science , groundwater remediation , contamination , waste management , bioreactor , environmental engineering , environmental chemistry , ecology , chemistry , biology , engineering , organic chemistry
The increasing need for remediation of contaminated sites has led to the development of new technologies that emphasize on the biological detoxification anddestructionofthe(organic)contaminants.Bioremediationisamongthesetechnologiesthatdestroyorrenderharmlessvariouscontaminants,usingthebiologicalactivityofcertainmicroorganisms[1].Needlesstosaythatasbioremediationactuallyreliesonthemicrobialgrowthandactivity,itseffectivenessishighlydependentontheappliedenvironmentalparametersthatinfluencethemicrobialgrowthandthedegradationrate.Bioremediationtechnologiescanbeclassifiedintotwogeneralcategories:exsituandinsitu.Theexsitutechniquesarethosethatrequirethe physical removal of the contaminated material and its transportation to another area for further treatment, for example, by bioreactors, landfarming and composting. The insitute chnologies are those that involve treatment of contaminated material in place, for example, by bioventing, biostimulation and biopiling. Overall, bioremediation isconsideredasaverypromisingtechnologywithgreatpotentialwhendealingwithcertaintypesofcontaminatedsites.Sofar,ithasbeenusedatanincreasingnumberofsitesworldwide,includingEurope,withvaryingsuccess.Theapplicationofbioremediationandphytoremediationofferssignificantbenefitstoenvironmentalpollutionabatementand,moreimportantly,tohumanhealthhowever,theriskofadversehealtheffectsmaybepresentduetothevariabilityofcontaminantsandtheirpossiblebiotransformationtowardnotcontrolledmetabolites.Therefore,specificcontrolproceduresshouldalsotakeplace.