Open Access<p>Surgical Management of Urolithiasis of the Upper Tract – Current Trend of Endourology in Africa</p>
Author(s) -
Ayun Cassell,
Mohamed Jalloh,
M. Ndoye,
M. Ndoye,
O Gaye,
Ngor Mack Thiam,
Amadou Ibra Diallo,
Issa Labou,
Lamine Niang,
Serigne Gueye
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
research and reports in urology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.506
H-Index - 20
ISSN - 2253-2447
DOI - 10.2147/rru.s257669
Subject(s) - medicine , percutaneous nephrolithotomy , ureteroscopy , shock wave lithotripsy , extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy , incidence (geometry) , kidney stones , lithotripsy , percutaneous , epidemiology , urology , general surgery , surgery , ureter , physics , optics
Urolithiasis is a global pathology with increasing prevalence rate. The lifetime recurrence of urolithiasis ranges from 10-75% creating a public health crisis in affected regions. The epidemiology of urolithiasis in most parts of Africa and Asia remains poorly documented as incidence and prevalence rates in these settings are extrapolated from hospital admissions. The surgical management of kidney and ureteral stones is based on the stone location, size, the patient's preference and the institutional capacity. To date, the available modalities in the management of urolithiasis includes external shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), ureterorenoscopy (URS) including flexible and semirigid ureteroscopy. However, regarding the lack of endourological equipment and expertise in most parts of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), most urological centers in these regions still consider open surgery for kidney and ureteral stones. This review explores the current trend and surgical management of upper tract urolithiasis in SSA with insight on the available clinical guidelines.