Open AccessUpdate on pediatric dystonias: etiology, epidemiology, and management
Author(s) -
E Fernández-Álvarez,
Nardo Nardocci
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
degenerative neurological and neuromuscular disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1179-9900
DOI - 10.2147/dnnd.s16082
Subject(s) - dystonia , etiology , botulinum toxin , medicine , movement disorders , focal dystonia , blepharospasm , pediatrics , neurological disorder , essential tremor , neuroscience , physical medicine and rehabilitation , pathology , psychology , anesthesia , central nervous system disease , psychiatry , disease
Dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by sustained muscle contractions producing twisting, repetitive, and patterned movements or abnormal postures. Dystonia is among the most commonly observed movement disorders in clinical practice both in adults and children. It is classified on the basis of etiology, age at onset of symptoms, and distribution of affected body regions.