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Precipitation Events, Soil Type, and Vineyard Management Practices Influence Soil Carbon Dynamics in a Mediterranean Climate (Lodi, California)
Author(s) -
Yu Olivia T.,
Greenhut Rachel F.,
O'Geen Anthony T.,
Mackey Bruce,
Horwath William R.,
Steenwerth Kerri L.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj2018.09.0345
Subject(s) - vineyard , environmental science , san joaquin , tillage , soil carbon , soil water , mediterranean climate , agronomy , soil management , hydrology (agriculture) , ecology , soil science , horticulture , biology , geology , geotechnical engineering
Core Ideas Vineyard management practices create spatial heterogeneity in CO2 efflux and SOM content. Soil C dynamics are influenced by water availability rather than temperature in comparatively warm Mediterranean climates. Soil tillage, organic amendments, cover crops, irrigation and precipitation stimulate CO2 efflux.To characterize the effect of precipitation events, management practices, and soil type on vineyard carbon (C) dynamics, we monitored CO 2 emissions and labile C pools from nine vineyards in Lodi Wine Grape District, California, from April 2011 to December 2012. These commercial vineyards are replicates of three soil series (Redding, San Joaquin, and Tokay), representing a spectrum of soil texture and degree of soil development. We hypothesized that soil characteristics would influence the magnitude of CO 2 efflux occurring in response to precipitation and management events in a Mediterranean climate. During each field visit—bimonthly (April–October) and monthly (November–March)—we measured CO 2 , soil temperature, and gravimetric water content (GWC) from vine and intervine (alleys) rows. Monthly, we collected soil samples for dissolved organic C (DOC), which tended to be greater in the alleys of San Joaquin and Redding than Tokay in summer but decreased after the onset of precipitation. In mid‐May and mid‐October 2012, CO 2 efflux was higher in Tokay than in San Joaquin or Redding. Carbon dioxide efflux across all soils increased as a result of seasonal management practices (i.e., tillage and mowing of cover crops). Management practices distinguished soil DOC between vine rows and alleys from June to October 2012. Soil type or clay content influenced CO 2 efflux across these vineyards, as did GWC and soil temperature. This 20‐mo study indicated that CO 2 efflux responded to soil disturbance from management practices, precipitation, and irrigation.