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Mechanistic Simulation of Vertical Distribution of Carbon Concentrations and Residence Times in Soils
Author(s) -
Elzein Abbas,
Balesdent Jérôme
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1995.03615995005900050019x
Subject(s) - soil water , loam , convection , temperate climate , diffusion , soil science , silt , residence time (fluid dynamics) , organic matter , temperate forest , environmental science , chemistry , hydrology (agriculture) , geology , mechanics , ecology , physics , thermodynamics , geomorphology , geotechnical engineering , organic chemistry , biology
We developed a numerical simulation model of the decay and vertical transport of soil organic matter. Soil organic matter is divided into a number of compartments each with different decay rates but with similar migration parameters. Decay has been represented with first‐order processes. Two elementary forms of migration were explored: diffusive equations represent transport through soil mixing whereas translational convection simulates movement within the liquid phase. Coefficients of decay, diffusion, and convection were taken to be uniform with depth. Carbon input is both through the surface in the form of litter fall and directly underground from roots. Profiles of total C content and 14 C content were measured for a temperate forest silt loam soil. Similar data for other forest soils, available in the literature, were also assembled. Statistical adjustment, through nonlinear regression, of decay, migration, compartment configuration, and plant production parameters, accurately simulated profiles of C and 14 C. The rapidly decaying compartment was successfully likened to the 50‐ to 2000‐µm particle‐size fraction. Convection rates of ≈0.3 mm yr −1 and diffusion rates ranging from 1 to 15 cm 2 yr −1 were obtained. Diffusive processes appear to be preponderant relative to convection. The model has proven sensitive to differences between temperate and tropical soils as well as textural variations.