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Foliar Nutrients in Sugar Maple Forests along a Regional Pollution‐Climate Gradient
Author(s) -
Burton Andrew J.,
Pregitzer Kurt S.,
MacDonald Neil W.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700060036x
Subject(s) - plant litter , nutrient , maple , deposition (geology) , aceraceae , sugar , nutrient cycle , environmental science , agronomy , pollutant , botany , chemistry , biology , ecology , paleontology , biochemistry , sediment
Stressing agents such as defoliation, adverse climatic conditions, and pollutant deposition have the potential to alter forest nutrition. Several recent instances of sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) decline and dieback have been associated with foliar nutrients deficiencies. This study assessed foliar nutrient status and cycling in five sugar maple dominated northern hardwood forests along a Great Lakes pollution‐climatic gradient. Concentrations and contents in mid‐July foliage and litterfall were determined at each site for N, P, S, Ca, Mg, K, Al, Fe, Mn, B, Zn, and Cu. Where differences existed among sites in foliar nutrient concentrations, they could be predicted primarily from soil properties. Two notable exceptions were foliar S, which was strongly related to SO 4 deposition, and foliar Al, which could be predicted by a combination of soil nutrient cation availability and SO 4 deposition. Nutrient content of mid‐July foliage and litterfall increased from northwest to southeast along the gradient for N, S, Mg, Al, Fe, B, and Cu. This was the result of an increase in foliage and litterfall biomass, combined in some cases (S, Al, Fe, and B) with increasing foliar nutrient concentrations. Reproductive effort significantly affected total litter return of all nutrients and 43 to 62% of mid‐July foliar N, P, K, and S were conserved through retranslocation prior to litterfall. Sugar maple foliar nutrient concentrations for the five sites revealed no obvious nutrient deficiencies or toxicities, and provide a regional baseline against which the effects of long‐term pollutant deposition and other stresses can be assessed in the future.