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Phosphorus Fertilizer Placement and Tillage in a Wheat‐Fallow Cropping Sequence
Author(s) -
Stecker J. A.,
Sander D. H.,
Anderson F. N.,
Peterson G. A.
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200040031x
Subject(s) - tillage , loam , agronomy , plough , mulch , mollisol , summer fallow , cropping system , residue (chemistry) , conventional tillage , fertilizer , grain yield , no till farming , field experiment , environmental science , mathematics , soil water , cropping , biology , crop , soil fertility , agriculture , soil science , ecology , biochemistry
Since water and wind erosion are serious problems during fallow in most western winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) growing areas and available soil P is often low, field studies were conducted at three locations in western Nebraska on a Keith silt loam (fine‐silty, mixed, mesic, Aridic Argiustoll). These studies compared the performance of broadcast, knife and seed placement of fertilizer P with and without a residue treatment of 13.5 Mg ha −1 in a plow, no‐till, and stubble mulch tillage system. Plowing generally tended towards the highest and no‐till the lowest grain yield and P uptake. Delayed maturity resulting from abnormally cool spring temperatures was believed to be a contributing factor to lower yields in no‐till. Without applied residue, grain yields were increased by P placement methods in the order of seed = knife > broadcast similar to other reported research. When residue was applied, knife placement was less effective and broadcast more effective compared to seed placement at the low P rate (8.4 kg ha −1 ). At the high P rate (16.8 kg ha −1 ) seed placement produced the highest yield of all treatments. Seed placement showed higher P uptake in no‐till than other tillage treatments at one location while broadcast P resulted in higher P uptake with plowing than with stubble mulch or no‐till at another location. The colder soil temperatures associated with surface residues apparently favored seed placement of P. There was a trend for grain yield and P uptake to be lower when P was knifed in the presence of surface residues.