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Soil‐Solution Phase Interactions of Basic Cations in Long‐Term Tillage Systems
Author(s) -
Evangelou V. P.,
Blevins R. L.
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1985.03615995004900020017x
Subject(s) - tillage , fertilizer , organic matter , soil water , chemistry , agronomy , conventional tillage , soil management , saturation (graph theory) , cation exchange capacity , soil organic matter , soil test , zoology , environmental science , soil science , mathematics , biology , organic chemistry , combinatorics
Abstract Representative soil samples were collected from a field experiment that was established in the spring of 1970, involving treatments of no‐till with 336 kg ha −1 N applied annually, a no‐till control (no N fertilizer) and conventional tillage with no N fertilizer. Soil‐solution exchange phase interactions were studied by analysis of saturation extracts. Analyses were made after applications of KCl fertilizer at rates of 0.97, 1.94, 4.46, 8.82 mmols kg −1 soil and a constant application of NH 4 Cl at 5.55 mmols kg −1 soil. The major difference in soil properties among the treatments was in the organic matter content of 60.0, 44.6, and 21.6 g kg −1 at 0 to 50 mm depth for the no‐till‐high N, no‐till‐control and conventional tillage with no N, respectively. Results of the study also demonstrate that no‐till‐high N maintained a higher concentration of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + and NH + 4 in both the solution and exchange phase. Exchange sites of soils under no‐tillage management exhibited lower affinity for K + and NH + 4 than do soils under conventional tillage. This lower affinity appeared to be correlated with the greater organic matter content of the no‐till soil. Upon increased application rates of potassium, a greater proportion of the total NH + 4 remained in the solution phase of the no‐till than that of the conventional tillage soil system. The data also show that with increasing amounts of organic matter associated with the no‐till, the selectivity coefficient for the ammonium‐potassium interaction shifts in favor of potassium.