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The Chemistry and Phytotoxicity of Arsenic in Soils: I. Contaminated Field Soils
Author(s) -
Woolson E. A.,
Axley J. H.,
Kearney P. C.
Publication year - 1971
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1971.03615995003500060027x
Subject(s) - soil water , arsenic , environmental chemistry , chemistry , phytotoxicity , contamination , soil contamination , environmental science , soil science , agronomy , ecology , biology , organic chemistry
Arsenic (As) residues on 58 surface soil samples taken from soils with a history of As application averaged 165 ppm As, while nearby soils not treated averaged 13 ppm As. Most of the residual As was found as Fe‐As (0.1 N NaOH extractable) by a modified soil P procedure. Water‐soluble As (1 N NH 4 Cl extractable) was detected in soils from two states. Other forms, Al‐ and Ca‐As (0.5 N NH 4 F and 0.5 N H 2 SO 4 extractable As, respectively), may predominate if the amount of “reactive” Al or Ca is high and reactive Fe is low. Bioassay of the contaminated and uncontaminated soils showed a correlation of 0.74 between growth reduction and total As and 0.82 with a summation of As fractions. Plants were tolerant to large As applications (670 ppm As) to soils which were high in reactive (1 N NaOH extractable) Al.