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Conditions Affecting Cesium Fixation and Sodium Entrapment in Hydrobiotite and Vermiculite
Author(s) -
Klobe W. D.,
Gast R. G.
Publication year - 1970
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1970.03615995003400050023x
Subject(s) - caesium , chemistry , saturation (graph theory) , sodium , fixation (population genetics) , mineralogy , entrapment , vermiculite , analytical chemistry (journal) , geology , inorganic chemistry , chromatography , biochemistry , mathematics , medicine , paleontology , surgery , organic chemistry , combinatorics , gene
The effect of residual and added K on Cs fixation was studied, using samples of K‐extracted Transvaal, South African hydrobiotite with 66, 60, 23, and < 1% K saturations. Fixation was measured by the availability of the cations for rapid isotopic exchange in a well‐stirred system. Over 95% of the sorbed Cs was fixed above 1% Cs saturation of the exchange capacity regardless of K levels or whether the K was in the form of residual K in hydrobiotite or K added to the vermiculite prior to addition of the Cs. In contrast, trace levels of Cs (i.e., carrier‐free 137 Cs) were fixed to a much lesser extent, indicating that it may be more available for plant uptake. X‐ray and Na entrapment results indicate that Cs saturations below 40% of the exchange capacity result largely in interstratified Na‐ and Cs‐rich layers with little edge collapse. Higher Cs saturations resulted in increased edge collapse and Na entrapment. Formation of interstratified layers vs. edge collapse of the particles tends to be associated with smaller and larger particles, respectively.