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Self‐Diffusion of Sodium Ions in Frozen Wyoming Bentonite‐Water Paste
Author(s) -
Murrmann R. P.,
Hoekstra P.,
Bialkowski R. C.
Publication year - 1968
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1968.03615995003200040024x
Subject(s) - bentonite , diffusion , ion , sodium , chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , materials science , mineralogy , chromatography , geology , thermodynamics , geotechnical engineering , physics , organic chemistry
Self‐diffusion of sodium ions in frozen Na‐Wyoming bentonite paste was studied at different subzero temperatures using a radioactive tracer technique. The value of the apparent self‐diffusion coefficient decreased rapidly from 8.8 × 10 ‐7 cm 2 sec ‐1 at −0.6C to 4.3 × 10 ‐7 cm 2 sec ‐1 at −3.0C but then decreased slowly to 1.7 × 10 ‐7 cm 2 sec ‐1 at −15.0C. Thus, the rate of ion diffusion in the frozen bentonite paste was relatively high even at low temperatures. The reduction in ion mobility with decreasing temperature was primarily a consequence of a concurrent decrease in film thickness of the unfrozen water.