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Microbially Induced Phytotoxicity in Stubble‐Mulched Soil
Author(s) -
Norstadt Fred A.,
McCalla T. M.
Publication year - 1968
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1968.03615995003200020024x
Subject(s) - phytotoxicity , patulin , straw , incubation , chemistry , inoculation , horticulture , agronomy , fungus , biology , mycotoxin , botany , food science , biochemistry
Incubations of subtilled soil amended with wheat straw ( Triticum aestivum L.) caused the development of a phytotoxic soil. Studies of the toxic soil and wheat residues revealed increased Penicillium urticae Bainier numbers and formation of patulin, a potent phytotoxic substance. Microbial activity, as measured by plate counts and O 2 consumption, increased as phytotoxicity increased. Inoculation of incubated, amended, non‐sterile subtilled soil with P. urticae B. caused the greatest proliferation of the fungus and patulin formation at the time intervals corresponding to highest phytotoxicity. The plant symptoms and the inhibition of Trichoderma sp. during incubations of the subtilled soil were indications of patulin formation. Associated microorganisms during incubation of subtilled soil amended with wheat straw quite likely caused the development of a substrate favorable to P. urticae B. growth and patulin formation.