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Electrochemical Determination of Diffusion Coefficients in Clay‐Water Systems
Author(s) -
Mokady Raphael S.,
Low Philip F.
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1966.03615995003000040013x
Subject(s) - diffusion , nernst equation , ionic bonding , electrode , electrochemistry , ionic conductivity , ion , analytical chemistry (journal) , emf measurement , materials science , chemistry , thermodynamics , chromatography , physics , organic chemistry , electrolyte
Pastes containing different concentrations of MCl (M = Li or Na) were prepared by mixing MCl olutions with M‐montmorillonites. The pastes were used in pairs in which the members differed only in NaCl activity. Initially, a Ag‐AgCl electrode and an M‐sensitive glass electrode were inserted into each paste and the emf between them was measured. Then the members of each pair were brought into contact with Ag‐AgCl electrodes inserted in them. The emf's between the latter electrodes were also measured. From the two kinds of emf measurements the transference numbers of the ions in the different pairs were calculated. These transference numbers, along with the measured electrical conductances of the pastes, were used to calculate the ionic mobilities. Finally, the calculated ionic mobilities and the known ionic concentrations were inserted in the Nernst equation to calculate the diffusion coefficients of the respective salts