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Comparative Properties of Plant Lignins and Humic Materials of Soils. 1. Yields and Cation Exchange Properties of Plant Lignins Isolated by Different Techniques
Author(s) -
Thompson S. O.,
Chesters G.,
Engelbert L. E.
Publication year - 1964
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1964.03615995002800010033x
Subject(s) - lignin , chemistry , extraction (chemistry) , adsorption , cation exchange capacity , aqueous solution , yield (engineering) , humic acid , straw , nuclear chemistry , soil water , ion exchange , alkali metal , organic chemistry , inorganic chemistry , ion , fertilizer , materials science , environmental science , soil science , metallurgy
Yields and cation‐exchange capacities for Ca and Cu were determined for lignin samples isolated with 72% H 2 SO 4 , HCl‐H 3 PO 4 mixture, 5% aqueous NaOH, and 1,4‐dioxane. Yields varied with extractant in the order: acid‐ > dioxane‐ > NaOH‐extracted lignins. For equal time, a higher yield of dioxane pine lignin was obtained by fractional than by a one‐step extraction. In most cases cation‐exchange capacities varied with lignin source and with method of extraction as follows: (a) Straw lignins > wood lignins; (b) alkali‐ > dioxane‐ > acid‐extracted lignins. Lignins isolated by fractional extraction with dioxane showed the later fractions to have higher exchange capacities. Values for the one‐step extracted isolates were intermediate with respect to the high and low values of the fractionally isolated samples. Lignin, like soil organic matter, had higher adsorptive capacity for Cu than for Ca, and the adsorptive capacity was pH dependent. All samples examined for the effect of pH on Cu adsorption showed the same relative change in adsorption for a given change in solution acidity.