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A Study of the Equilibria Between Three Categories of Potassium in an Illitic Soil
Author(s) -
Bolt G. H.,
Sumner M. E.,
Kamphorst A.
Publication year - 1963
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1963.03615995002700030024x
Subject(s) - ion , illite , chemistry , potassium , sodium , lattice (music) , analytical chemistry (journal) , mineralogy , clay minerals , physics , chromatography , organic chemistry , acoustics
The release of K from K‐Ca‐illites by repeated extraction with 0.5 N solutions of various salts was determined. From comparison between the action of NH 4 ions and Na ions it could be deduced that the rapidly exchangeable K occupies two types of sites, which were named “planar” sites and “edge‐interlattice” sites, respectively. The very high preference for K of the edge‐interlattice sites explains why, e.g., Na ions and Ca ions are very ineffective in removing K from these sites as long as the released K ions are not removed from the system. NH 4 ions are, in contrast, highly competitive for the edge‐interlattice sites, but their action is kept within bounds by the fact that the mineral lattice remains fairly well closed during the penetration of NH 4 ions. An analysis of the exchange curve against Na ions yielded an estimate of the distribution and properties of the different types of sites, viz about 500 µeq. per g. rapidly exchangeable sites, of which 96% is situated on the external planar side of the lattice (preference factor for K about 2 in comparison to Ca ions), and 4% is located on the edges (preference factor for K about 500 in comparison to Na ions). In addition to this the illite studied contained about 700 µeq. K per g. in interlattice positions, which will lead to a very slow release of K if the chemical potential of K in solution is maintained at a low level.