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The Effects of Corn Residue, Nitrogen, and Incubation on Nitrogen Release and Subsequent Nitrogen Uptake by Oats: A Quantitative Evaluation
Author(s) -
Munson Robert D.,
Pesek John T.
Publication year - 1958
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1958.03615995002200060018x
Subject(s) - nitrogen , chemistry , loam , leaching (pedology) , soil water , nitrogen deficiency , agronomy , incubation , mineralization (soil science) , environmental chemistry , nitrogen cycle , moisture , residue (chemistry) , zoology , soil science , environmental science , biochemistry , biology , organic chemistry
A fertile Clarion loam soil was treated with rates of corn residue and nitrogen and incubated at approximately 30° C. for different periods under controlled moisture conditions. After incubation, half of the treated soils were leached to remove the soluble nitrogen. Inorganic nitrogen determinations on the leachate were used to study the effects of the treatments on nitrogen release. Regression equations were used to express inorganic nitrogen yield as a function of time. The first derivatives of these equations were used to estimate the time, in days, at which the “maximum” inorganic nitrogen immobilization or minimum amount of soluble nitrogen occurred for each level of nitrogen. These time values were used to estimate the maximum quantities of nitrogen immobilized at each nitrogen level. The results indicate that in fallow‐incubated soils that had received residue, the “maximum” quantity of inorganic nitrogen immobilized increased as the quantity of applied nitrogen was increased. However, after the estimated minima of the curves were passed, the net rate of mineralization also increased with the rates of nitrogen. The leached and unleached soils were cropped with oats, which was harvested at the boot stage. Dry matter yield and nitrogen yield curves were used to evaluate the various treatment effects. The results indicate marked responses to the residue, nitrogen, incubation, and leaching treatments. The various yield curves indicate that the immobilized nitrogen was released to the crop. The leaching technique used in this experiment is shown to be an excellent method for evaluating net nitrogen transformations. This technique may have applicability in studying other mobile soil nutrients and also, the effects of applied fertilizers on the release of other soil or fertilizer nutrients.