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Effect of Various Exchangeable Cation Ratios on Kinds of Fungi Developing during Decomposition of Organic Residues in Soil
Author(s) -
Martin J. P.,
Aldrich D. G.
Publication year - 1954
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1954.03615995001800020012x
Subject(s) - loam , soil water , mucor , chaetomium , penicillium , incubation , chemistry , fusarium , decomposition , microbial biodegradation , environmental chemistry , population , botany , biology , food science , ecology , microorganism , organic chemistry , bacteria , biochemistry , genetics , demography , sociology
Soils varying widely in exchangeable Ca, Mg, K, Na and H ratios were prepared from Yolo loam and Hanford sandy loam soils. The effect of these ratios on the kinds of soil fungi developing during the decomposition of organic residues in the soil was followed at various intervals over a 200‐day incubation period. In general, the nature of the organic material added to the soils exerted a greater effect on the kinds of fungi developing than did the exchangeable cation ratios. In the absence of organic residues, the fungus population remained essentially the same in all soils over the entire incubation period. Upon the addition of organic residues, Penicillium nigricans , which was present in high concentrations in the check series (no organic residues), became increasingly dominant in the most‐acid soils. With few exceptions, other species became dominant in all other soils. The kinds of fungi becoming dominant depended on the nature of the organic residue added. The dominant species included Chaetomium sp., Cunninghamella bertholletiae, Fusarium spp., Monotospora brevis, Mucor spp., Sepedonium chrysospermum, Sporotrichum sp., Stachybotrys atra , and Stysanus stemonites . Some species developed quickly in large numbers and remained dominant for the remainder of the incubation period. Others developed in high concentration, then rapidly diminished in numbers or disappeared.