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The Identification of Clay Minerals in Some Ontario Soils: 1. Parent Materials
Author(s) -
Webber L. R.,
Shivas J. A.
Publication year - 1953
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1953.03615995001700020003x
Subject(s) - illite , montmorillonite , colloid , clay minerals , soil water , mineralogy , cation exchange capacity , geology , environmental chemistry , chemistry , soil science , organic chemistry
The colloidal fractions, one micron and less, from the parent materials of nine Ontario soils were examined by the differential thermal method and by chemical analyses. An attempt was made to characterize these fractions in terms of their clay mineral composition by comparing them with reference clay minerals. The thermal curves suggest that the colloids from the following soil series: Lockport, Haldimand, Caistor, Perth, Peel, Osprey and Guelph, were dominated by an illite‐like clay mineral. Chemical analyses revealed these colloids to have a high content of K 2 O and an exchange capacity greater than that normally associated with an illite. The Lockport colloid was established as a particular illite and the other soil colloids characterized in terms of the Lockport plus low concentrations of montmorillonite to account for the exchange capacity. The colloids from a, Northern Ontario soil and the Rideau did not fit into the pattern followed by the other colloids. The thermal curve for the Rideau suggested a micaceous colloid lacking well‐defined thermal curve characteristics. The Northern Ontario soil colloid had a high exchange capacity but lacked the major thermal characteristics of montmorillonite.