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Effect of Water Temperature on Rate of Infiltration
Author(s) -
Duley F. L.,
Domingo C. E.
Publication year - 1944
Publication title -
soil science society of america journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.836
H-Index - 168
eISSN - 1435-0661
pISSN - 0361-5995
DOI - 10.2136/sssaj1944.036159950008000c0023x
Subject(s) - citation , wish , agriculture , library science , soil conservation , political science , computer science , sociology , history , archaeology , anthropology
T effects of various surface factors on the rate of infiltration have been studied cooperatively for several years at the Nebraska Station .(2, 3). Determinations have been made in the field throughout the season from early in the spring to late in the fall. The question then arose as to whether infiltration tests thus made at different seasons could be compared directly when air temperatures during .different 'determinations might vary from slightly above freezing to over 100° F. In the case of sand (4, 7, 10) there has been found a definite increase in the rate of movement of water through the medium with increase in water temperature. Some investigators have assumed, or have given some data to support the idea, that water temperature might be an important factor also in governing the rate of intake into soils. Horton (8) assumed that this temperature effect may be sufficient to affect materially the amount of flood flows. Musgrave (14) used the results of certain experimental fields to show that the runoff was greater in winter than summer. Beutner, et al. (i) sprinkled plots in summer and again in winter in Arizona and found intake somewhat higher in summer. Nelson and Muckenhirn (15) reported fluctuations in intake rates due to variations in daily temperatures. Lewis and Powers (9) found that hot water was absorbed more rapidly until the first 4 inches of soil was wet, then the rate decreased. Moore (12) found infiltration rate in tubes to increase gradually from 5° to 30° C. then rise rapidly at 35° and drop again at 40° C. Freeman (6) reporting on water spreading in the Santa Clara water conservation district, stated that after April 4 natural percolation increased i % a day on account of warmer weather. Other workers (5, Ii) have concluded that actual effects of temperature are very minor when compared with other factors. In many of these reports of previous work the results represent the rate of transmission of water through a soil when it is applied with some method of irrigation. The results reported in this paper are on the rate of intake as affected by water temperature when the water is applied in a manner to simulate rainfall by sprinkling with a small flower sprinkler from about 6 feet above the soil.