Premium
Spotted Wilt in Peanut as Impacted by Genotype Resistance, Planting Date, and Plant Population
Author(s) -
McKinney Justin L.,
Tillman Barry L.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci2016.05.0368
Subject(s) - cultivar , biology , arachis hypogaea , sowing , population , tomato spotted wilt virus , agronomy , plant disease resistance , horticulture , tospovirus , plant virus , medicine , virus , biochemistry , environmental health , virology , gene
Spotted wilt disease of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.), caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), has impacted peanut production for growers in the southeastern United States since the mid‐1990s. No single intervention can manage the disease sufficiently, but when used together, planting date, plant population, and cultivar selection can minimize risk of losses. The effects of planting date, plant population, and cultivar on spotted wilt were assessed in a field experiment over three consecutive years (2010–2012) near Marianna, FL. Evaluation included three visual measures of disease symptoms (rating scale 1–10, disease intensity rating 0–30, and testa symptomology), two measures of stand counts (emerged plants and tap root counts), and immunological assessment of the presence of TSWV in root crowns, pod yield, and grade. There was no effect of planting date on spotted wilt symptoms on foliage, on the testa, or on TSWV infection. Foliar symptoms of spotted wilt were found in all peanut cultivars, with ‘Georgia Green’ displaying more symptoms than the other three cultivars and ‘UFT‐312’ less than other cultivars. Immunological results found 10% or fewer plants of ‘Florida EP TM ‘113’’ and UFT‐312 infected with TSWV compared with 44% for ‘Florida‐07’ and 67% for Georgia Green. Immunological results showed that TSWV is present in about 50% of the plants of the moderately resistant cultivars Georgia Green and Florida‐07, which represent those commonly grown in the southeastern United States. This may indicate high risk for disease loss in those cultivars compared with Florida EP TM ‘113’ and UFT‐312, which possess a different source of resistance and had ≤10% infected plants. The cultivars Florida EP TM ‘113’ and UFT‐312 display a superior level of resistance that may override other factors, such as planting date and plant population, in years with high disease pressure.