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Glyphosate Effects on Yield, Nitrogen Fixation, and Seed Quality in Glyphosate‐Resistant Soybean
Author(s) -
Bärwald Bohm Giani Mariza,
Rombaldi Cesar Valmor,
Genovese Maria Inés,
Castilhos Danilo,
Rodrigues Alves Bruno José,
Rumjanek Norma Gouvêa
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci2013.07.0470
Subject(s) - glyphosate , biology , agronomy , aminomethylphosphonic acid , glycine , nitrogen fixation , weed , genetically modified organism , bacteria , amino acid , biochemistry , genetics , gene
Genetically‐modified soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] resistant to glyphosate (N‐phosphono‐methyl‐glycine) herbicide (GR) has turned out to be one of the most highly‐used products of plant engineering. The impacts of the soybean, genetically transformed for glyphosate resistance, on the environment under Brazilian soil and climatic conditions are still unknown. For this purpose, two soybean genotypes, one genetically modified (GR BRS 244 RR) and a conventional isogenic genotype were grown under different weed‐control methods: hand weeding and glyphosate or imazethapyr herbicide application. The study was performed in Rio Grande do Sul State with evaluations of soil microbial biomass and respiration, biological nitrogen fixation, isoflavone content in seed and glyphosate, and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) residues in seeds and soil. The use of GR did not affect soil microbial population, biological nitrogen fixation, or plant yield or isoflavone contents in seed. However, even though we used the recommended application doses, the glyphosate residues in the seeds were above levels permitted by Brazilian law. Also, AMPA residues were detected in the soil and the seeds.