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Genetic Analysis of Populations Derived from Matings of Southern and Northern Soybean Cultivars
Author(s) -
Feng L.,
Burton J.W.,
Carter T.E.,
Miranda L.M.,
St. Martin S.K.,
Brownie C.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci2010.12.0718
Subject(s) - cultivar , biology , genetic diversity , breeding program , gene pool , genetic variation , yield (engineering) , inbreeding , agronomy , horticulture , gene , genetics , population , demography , sociology , materials science , metallurgy
Genetic diversity is one of the important considerations in selecting parents for applied cultivar development in soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Recent studies have shown that southern and northern U.S. soybean cultivars belong to two very distinct gene pools based on pedigree and molecular marker analysis. A study was conducted to evaluate the potential of matings between southern and northern cultivars for applied soybean breeding. Nine populations were derived from matings of two southern soybean cultivars, Johnston and Stonewall, with three ancestral, A.K. (Harrow), Lincoln, and Mandarin, and three improved, Flyer, Sibley, and Zane, northern cultivars. Field trials showed statistically significant differences among and within crosses for mean yield, maturity, height, seed quality, seed weight, protein, oil, and fatty acid composition. There were significant differences in means and genetic variances among populations derived from male (northern) cultivars for mean yield and all other traits recorded. Results suggested that improved northern cultivars would be useful parents for practical breeding programs in the south. Populations derived from Flyer produced the highest mean yields. A significant correlation ( r = –0.82) between coefficient of parentage (CP) value and genetic variance estimate for cross yield may indicate that CP is a useful measurement in predicting genetic variation among matings of inbred soybean cultivars.