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Root Characteristics of Two Soybean Cultivars Grown in Fumigated Fields in Iowa
Author(s) -
MurilloWilliams Adriana,
Kaspar Tom C.,
Pedersen Palle
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci2009.09.0511
Subject(s) - heterodera , soybean cyst nematode , fumigation , biology , cultivar , meloidogyne arenaria , population , yield (engineering) , agronomy , horticulture , aldicarb , terra incognita , nematode , meloidogyne incognita , ecology , materials science , demography , sociology , pesticide , metallurgy
Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield is often limited by root‐infecting pathogens, mainly soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe). The objective of this experiment was to evaluate differences in root characteristics and yield of NK‐S25J5 (SCN‐susceptible) and IA2068 (SCN‐resistant) soybean cultivars at three locations (De Witt, Nevada, and Whiting) in Iowa, in fumigated vs. nonfumigated soil. A 2‐ha section of a field was fumigated each year with Telone‐35. Root sampling was conducted at 21, 42, and 63 d after emergence (DAE). Initial SCN population densities (Pi) were 4790, 2590, and 825 eggs 100 cm −3 soil for De Witt, Nevada, and Whiting, respectively. Under the conditions of this experiment, there was no evidence of a decrease in Pi caused by fumigation. Fumigation was associated with an increase in final SCN population (Pf), a reduction in yield of NK‐S25J5 by 560 kg ha −1 at De Witt, and at 42 DAE, with an increase in root length density (RLD), and root surface area (RSA). The highest yields were obtained at Whiting, the location where the greatest Pf/Pi was observed for NK‐S25J5. Average yields for IA2068 and NK‐S25J5 were 4745 kg ha −1 and 3665 kg ha −1 , respectively. We concluded that greater RLD could be the result of complex modifications of the environment where roots grow, mainly microbial populations, including SCN. Stress caused by SCN was associated with a decrease in yield in the susceptible cultivar.