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Genetic Differentiation of Winter Wheat Populations Following Exposure to Two Management Systems in Early Inbreeding Generations
Author(s) -
Thapa Rima,
Carver Brett F.,
Horn Gerald W.,
Goad Carla L.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci2009.05.0234
Subject(s) - inbreeding , biology , grazing , agronomy , cultivar , selection (genetic algorithm) , grain yield , habit , yield (engineering) , population , demography , psychology , materials science , artificial intelligence , sociology , computer science , metallurgy , psychotherapist
Producers in the southern Great Plains usually dedicate fields of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) to a grain‐only (GO) management system or one that incorporates grazing preceding grain harvest (dual‐purpose or DP system). We hypothesized that a grazing system may be applied as a selection tool during the early inbreeding generations to shift gene frequencies in favor of improved grazing tolerance and grain yielding ability. Grain yield and other key traits were compared among F 5 bulk progenies of 24 populations exposed in the F 2 to F 4 generations to either system, including a Base set of F 3 progenies and three cultivars. From GO and DP experiments conducted for 3 yr near Marshall, OK, the grain yield loss from GO to DP systems was 11% for ‘2174’ and ‘Custer’ and 24% for ‘Jagger’. Yields of DP selections exceeded the GO selections when tested in the DP system (220 kg ha −1 differential, P < 0.01) and in the GO system (80 kg ha −1 , P = 0.01), with neutral effects on grain volume weight and protein concentration. Vegetative growth habit of DP and GO selections were visibly differentiated. When targeting a DP management system, derivation of bulk populations for line selection should utilize the DP system as a selection environment during the early inbreeding generations. This approach should not carry a universal yield penalty for GO environments when the breeding target includes both DP and GO systems.