Registration of ‘CP 98–1029’ Sugarcane

‘CP 98–1029’ (Reg. no. CV-128, PI 642156) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum officinarumL., S. barberi Jeswiet, S. spontaneum L., and S. sinenseRoxb. amend. Jeswiet) was developed through cooperative research conducted by theUSDAARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc. and was released to growers in October 2005. CP 98–1029 was selected from the cross CP 91–19803CP 94–1952 made at Canal Point, FL, in January 1997. The female parent, CP 91–1980, was advanced to the final testing stage of the Canal Point cultivar development program (Glaz et al., 1998). The male parent, CP 94–1952, was not advanced beyond an early selection stage. The leaf sheaths of CP 98–1029 are green and those closer to the apex may have a moderate wax bloom at their base. The ligule is green on young leaves and dark brown on older leaves. Auricles and hairs are generally absent. The zig-zag stalks of CP 98–1029 are medium in diameter and covered with a moderate wax bloom. Stalks are yellow where covered by the leaf sheath and green where exposed to the sun. However, the stalks are not generally exposed to the sun as both young and old leaf sheaths adhere tightly to the stalk. A distinguishing feature of the internodes of CP 98–1029 is the presence of corky cracks. Internodes are cylindrical with reduced or absent bud grooves. A small percentage of the internodes have growth cracks. The buds of CP 98–1029 are pale yellow, round, and usually extend onto the growth rings. CP 98–1029 was fingerprinted with six sugarcane-derived microsatellite primer pairs (mSCIR26, mSCIR73, SMC650CS, SMC795BS, SMC1282FL, and SMC1490CL) developed under the International Consortium of Sugarcane Biotechnology (Cordeiro et al., 2003). Its microsatellite marker profile was compared with profiles of ‘CP 70–1133’ (Rice et al., 1978), ‘CP 78–1628’ (Tai et al., 1991), ‘CP 72–2086’ (Miller et al., 1984), ‘CP 89–2143’ (Glaz et al., 2000), ‘CP 97–1944’ (Comstock et al., 2005), and ‘CP 97–1989’ (Glaz et al., 2005), which collectively span two decades of sugarcane cultivars in Florida. A combination of nine fragments of mSCIR26 [113–142 basepairs (bp) in size], eight fragments of SMC1490CL (123–154 bp), five fragments of SMC650CS (172–187 bp), 13 fragments of mSCIR73 (130–210 bp), seven fragments of SMC795BS (361– 388 bp), and eight fragments of SMC1282FL (347–397 bp) discriminate CP 98–1029 among these sugarcane cultivars. Stalk weights of CP 98–1029, averaged over the plant-cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon crops, were 7.1% (P , 0.05) and 3.8% (NS) lower on organic and sand soils, respectively, compared with the corresponding stalk weights of CP 72–2086, the commercial reference. CP 98–1029 and CP 72–2086 have average fiber contents of 10.2 and 9.0%, respectively. On organic soils, a total of 19 evaluations of CP 98–1029 were conducted at seven locations in the plant and first ratoon crops and at five locations in the second ratoon crop. Each planting had six replications. The mean cane yield (Mg cane ha) of CP 98–1029 was 18.1% higher (P , 0.01) than that of CP 72–2086. The individual crop cycle cane yields of CP 98–1029 were 12.7, 21.7, and 25.8%higher (all atP, 0.01) than thoseofCP72–2086 in the plant, first ratoon, and second ratoon crops, respectively. Theoretical recoverable sucrose (kg sucrose Mg cane) of CP 98–1029 was 0.7% lower (NS) than that of CP 72–2086, and its sucrose yield (Mg sucrose ha) was 17.3% higher (P , 0.01) than that of CP 72–2086. Deren et al. (1995) developed a theoretical economic index that integrates sucrose content with costs of harvesting, hauling, andmilling the cane produced. This theoretical economic index for CP 98–1029 on organic soils was 18.8% higher (P , 0.01) than that of CP 72–2086. CP 98–1029 was evaluated at one location and six replications in a sand soil for three crop cycles (plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon). The mean cane yield of CP 98–1029 on sand soil was 7.1% higher (NS) than that of CP 72–2086; and the cane yields of CP 98–1029 were 1.8 (NS), 0.0 (NS), and 35.5% (P , 0.01) higher than the cane yields of CP 72–2086 in the plant, first ratoon, and second ratoon crops, respectively. Theoretical recoverable sucrose content was 4.4% lower (NS) and sucrose yield was 2.4% higher (NS) for CP 98–1029 compared with CP 72–2086. The theoretical economic index on the sand soil for CP 98–1029 was 1.5% lower (NS) than that of CP 72–2086. CP 98–1029 has shown field resistance in Florida to eye spot [caused by Bipolaris sacchari (E.J. Butler) Shoemaker], smut (caused by Ustilago scitamineum Syd.), and leaf scald [caused by Xanthomonas albilineans (Ashby) Dowson]. CP 98–1029 is moderately susceptible to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala Syd.), Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E., and ratoon stunting disease (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtushenko et al.), and is susceptible to Sugarcane yellow leaf virus. Moderate susceptibility to ratoon stunting disease was based on the presence of colonized vascular bundles in inoculated tests. CP 98–1029 was released because of its high cane and sucrose yields, favorable growth rates during the spring and early summer, vigorous ratoon regrowth, and its acceptable levels of resistance or tolerance to the major and minor sugarcane diseases in Florida. Requests for vegetative planting material should be sent to the USDA-ARS at the Sugarcane Field Station, Canal Point, FL where CP 98–1029 will be maintained for 5 yr.