Premium
Tolerance of Seedling Bermudagrass to Postemergence Herbicides
Author(s) -
McCalla J. H.,
Richardson M. D.,
Karcher D. E.,
Boyd J. W.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci2004.1330
Subject(s) - clopyralid , dicamba , cynodon dactylon , biology , agronomy , cultivar , phytopharmacology , horticulture , weed control , poaceae
The introduction of improved seeded cultivars of bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] has generated significant interest from the turfgrass industry. An important component of successfully establishing these new cultivars will be to develop effective weed control strategies for the critical establishment period. A field study and a greenhouse study were conducted to evaluate the tolerance of several seeded bermudagrasses to commonly used postemergence herbicides at different periods of establishment. In a field study, ‘Princess’ bermudagrass was seeded at a rate of 48 kg ha −1 during the early summer of 2000 and 2001. Postemergence herbicides were applied at either 1, 2, or 4 wk after emergence (WAE). Herbicide treatments included MSMA (monosodium salt of methylarsonic acid) at 1.12 kg ha −1 , metsulfuron (2[[[[(4‐methoxy‐6‐methyl‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2yl] amino] carboxyl] amino] sulfonyl]‐2‐benzoic acid) at 0.021 kg ha −1 , diclofop ((±)‐2‐[4‐(2,4‐dichlorophenoxy) phenoxy]propanoic acid) at 1.12 kg ha −1 , clopyralid (3,6 dichloro‐2‐pyridinecarboxylic acid) at 0.56 kg ha −1 , dicamba (3,6‐dichloro‐2‐methoxybenzoic acid) at 0.56 kg ha −1 , 2,4‐D amine D [(2,4‐ dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid at 0.56 kg ha −1 , and quinclorac (3, 7‐dichloro‐8‐quinolinecarboxylic acid) at 0.842 kg ha −1 Visual injury ratings were recorded at 3, 5, 7, 15, and 30 d after treatment (DAT) and percent turfgrass cover was recorded at 30 and 60 DAT. In the greenhouse study, the same herbicides and treatments were used with the cultivars Princess, Yukon, NuMex Sahara, Jackpot, and Mirage. In both the field and greenhouse studies, there was no clear effect of application timing on the tolerance of seedling bermudagrass to herbicides. Diclofop and metsulfuron caused the highest levels of injury in both years of the field study and in the greenhouse study. The other herbicides tested caused less injury. The bermudagrass recovered from all herbicide injury by 30 d after treatment. The results from this study indicate that seedling bermudagrass is relatively tolerant of many commonly used postemergence herbicides as soon as 1 WAE. These results will be useful to turfgrass managers who are considering use of improved cultivars in various turf situations.