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Early Developmental Responses of White Clover Roothair Lengths to Calcium, Protons, and Aluminum in Solution and Soil Cultures
Author(s) -
Brauer David,
Staley Tom
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci2003.0009
Subject(s) - trifolium repens , biology , rhizobia , soil water , elongation , agronomy , loam , lime , soil ph , cultivar , horticulture , symbiosis , ecology , paleontology , genetics , materials science , ultimate tensile strength , bacteria , metallurgy
Acidic soils tend to limit the nodulation of forage legumes and roothairs are important for Rhizobia binding and the initiation of nodule formation. This study examined the effects of Ca, pH, and Al on the length of roothairs in nutrient solutions and soils with white clover ( Trifolium repens L., cultivar Huia) seedlings. The lengths of roothairs of 1‐ to 2‐d‐old seedlings was not affected by increases in solution Al up to 24 μ M in nutrient solution experiments, but showed a pronounced optimum at a predicted root surface pH of 3.8. Roothair lengths of white clover seedlings 2 to 10 d after planting were also assessed in a Gilpin series silt loam collected from New, WV, and amended with various levels of lime. Soils ranged in pH from 4.6 to 5.3 and soil base saturation of Al from 46 to 8%. No significant differences in roothair lengths as a function of soil pH and/or soil available Al were observed. Previous results conducted under similar experimental conditions demonstrated that soil pH–soil‐available Al adversely affected on root elongation and nodulation. When results from this and the previous reports are considered together, the combined results suggest that root elongation and nodulation were more sensitive than roothair length to acidic soil conditions.