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Gamete Selection for Upright Carioca Bean with Resistance to Five Diseases and a Leafhopper
Author(s) -
Singh Shree P.,
Cardona César,
Morales Francisco J.,
PastorCorrales Marcial A.,
Voysest Oswaldo
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183x003800030008x
Subject(s) - biology , leafhopper , blight , phaseolus , cultivar , population , plant disease resistance , horticulture , crop , botany , agronomy , genetics , hemiptera , gene , demography , sociology
Growing cultivars that possess multiple disease‐and‐pest resistance minimizes crop losses, reduces the need for pesticides, and lowers production costs. Our objective was to use gamete selection (i.e., selection based on F 1 ‐derived families that come from crosses that are multiple‐parent, heterogeneous, and heterogametic) to develop upright carioca‐type beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with resistance to angular leaf spot (ALS), anthracnose (ANT), bean common mosaic (BCM), bean golden mosaic (BGM), common bacterial blight (CBB), and leafhopper (LHP). Two multiple‐parent, interracial crosses (BZ 9780 and GX 9792) were made, using plant‐to‐plant pollinations, in 1990‐1991. The F 1 ‐derived F 2 (F 1.2 ) families were evaluated for ALS and CBB, and F 1.3 families for ANT and LHP. In F 4 , carioca‐type seeds from promising families were saved. The F 1.4 families were then evaluated for BGM. All 127 F 1.2 families from BZ 9780 were discarded by F 4 because none segregated for six resistances and possessed carioca‐type seeds. Of the GX 9792 population, 260 F 5 ‐derived F 9 (F 5.9 ) lines, originating from only 12 of 460 F 1.2 families, were evaluated for ALS, ANT, BCM, BGM, CBB, and LHP. Six parents, eight checks, and 86 F 5.9 lines resistant to at least ANT, BCM, and CBB were tested for yield in seven environments in 1995–1996, using a partially balanced lattice design with three replicates. Only eight lines, originating from four of the 460 F 1.2 families, possessed resistance to all five diseases and LHP. Of these lines, one outyielded the check cultivar Carioca, and that line with one other outyielded the two carioca‐type parents (A 769 and EMP 250) used in the GX 9792 populations. Thus, the use of gamete selection and early generation testing was effective in developing high‐ yielding upright lines with resistance to multiple biotic stresses.