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Free‐Air CO 2 Enrichment Effects on Rate and Duration of Apical Development of Spring Wheat
Author(s) -
Li AiGuo,
Trent Anthony,
Wall Gerard W.,
Kimball Bruce A.,
Hou YueSheng,
Pinter Paul J.,
Garcia Richard L.,
Hunsaker Douglas V.,
Lamorte Robert L.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183x003700030016x
Subject(s) - primordium , coleoptile , tiller (botany) , biology , main stem , horticulture , apex (geometry) , zoology , botany , agronomy , biochemistry , gene
Rates and durations of individual phases of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) apical development are among the most important factors that determine yield components. Because atmospheric CO 2 has been increasing steadily, it is important to evaluate the effects of elevated CO 2 on wheat development. This study was conducted to determine rates and durations of leaf, spikelet, and floret primordium initiation in a F ree‐ A ir C arbon Dioxide E nrichment (FACE) system. Spring wheat (cv. Yecora Roja) was planted at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center. The two CO 2 concentrations were 550 (elevated) and 370 (ambient) μmol mol −1 CO 2 . Individual plant samples were collected every 3 to 4 d. We dissected the main stem (MS), coleoptile tiller (T0), primary tillers (T1, T2, and T3) and secondary tillers (T00, T01, T02, T10, Tll, and T12) and counted primordia. Apex primordium data were fitted to a four‐piece linear‐spline segmented regression model with the SAS proc NLIN. No influence of elevated CO 2 (550 μmol −1 on leaf primordium initiation of MS was detected. Nevertheless, CO 2 enrichment significantly increased rates of spikelet primordium initiation of MS, T1, T2, T10, and Tll, and diminished the durations of spikelet development phase of MS, TI, T2, T3, T10, and T11. Within the floret phase, CO 2 enrichment significantly increased rates of floret primordium initiation of MS, TO, T1, T2, and T3, and diminished the time to the completion of floret primordium initiation of MS, T0, T1, T3, and T11. The information from this study will be utilized to predict wheat apical development and grain production in the elevated atmospheric CO 2 environments of the future.