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Registration of Russian Wheat Aphid‐Resistant Wheat Germplasm CORWA 1
Author(s) -
Quick J. S.,
Nkongolo K. K.,
Peairs F. B.,
Rudolph J. B.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1996.0011183x003600010055x
Subject(s) - germplasm , citation , biology , library science , horticulture , computer science
CORWAl (Reg. no. GP-434, P1 564850) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm was developed by the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station. CORWAl is resistant to the biotype of the Russian wheat aphid (RWA) [Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko)] present in Colorado. It was released in December 1991, the first RWA-resistant germplasm released for breeding and experimental purposes in the USA. CORWAl was selected from the crosses Sumner/CO820026, F,//PI 372129, Fi/3/'TAM 107' made in 1986,1987, and 1988 and is a sister line of 'Halt' released in 1994. Sumner is an unreleased line made available in 1986 by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station and CO820026 is a Colorado line derived from the cross 'Siete Cerros'/'Ciano 67'// 'Calidad'/3/'Baca'/4/'Vona'. P1 372129 (T-57) is the source of RWA resistance (2). The first cross to T-57 was made in June 1987 and the tertiary cross to TAM 107 made in December 1987. The F] seedlings were screened for RWA reaction in February 1989. Survivors were transplanted and vernalized in March and April 1989, and FI plants grown in the greenhouse during May and June 1989. The ¥2 seedlings were germinated, vernalized, and transplanted to the greenhouse in October 1989. The FS seed was harvested separately from each F2 plant and data were collected on height, days to flower, grain color, and grain hardness. Seeds from each F2 plant were simultaneously vernalized and screened for RWA resistance. Selected F3 lines (800) were increased in the greenhouse during May to August 1990. The F2-derived F4 lines were evaluated in the field at Akron, Julesburg, and Fort Collins, CO, during the 1990-1991 season, and for RWA reaction in the greenhouse in February 1991. Of these 800 lines, 112 were aphid-resistant hard red winter wheats with the characteristics required for milling and baking, and one of these was designated CORWAl. CORWAl is similar to TAM 107 in grain color and hardness, plant height, days to heading, straw strength, leaf and stem rust reactions (caused by Puccinia recondita Roberge ex Desmaz. and by P. graminis Pers.:Pers., respectively), winter survival, grain volume weight, and grain yield. It has a greater tendency for grain shattering before harvest than most commercial cultivars. CORWAl has marginal gluten quality as measured by the sodium dodecylsulfate test (1). It has been similar to T-57 in reaction to the RWA in seedling tests. CORWAl is an awned, white-glumed, semidwarf line. The spike is middense and tapering to clavate. The foliage is green at booting stage, with a waxy bloom at anthesis. The glume is midlong and midwide, with an oblique shoulder and an acuminate beak. The coleoptile color is white and juvenile growth habit is semierect. The kernel is short, red, hard textured, and ovate. The kernel has no collar, rounded cheeks, midsize germ, short brush, and a wide, shallow crease. Small quantities (3 g) of seed are available upon written request to the corresponding author. It is requested that appropriate recognition of source be given when this germplasm contributes to research or development of new cultivars.