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Analysis of Culture‐Induced Variation in Soybean
Author(s) -
Amberger Laurie A.,
Palmer Reid G.,
Shoemaker Randy C.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1992.0011183x003200050006x
Subject(s) - biology , sterility , somaclonal variation , phenotype , backcrossing , botany , genetics , tissue culture , gene , in vitro
Genetic variation among culture‐regenerated crop plants can be a source of novel and desirable genetic diversity, or it can be a source of detrimental and agronomically unfavorable phenotypic variability. The objectives of this research were to determine the frequency and types of somaclonal variants obtained from culture regenerated soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Four hundred seventy‐five plants were regenerated from nine soybean cultivars via direct somatic embryogenesis from cotyledons of immature zygotic embroyos. Their R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 , progeny were scored for qualitative variation and inheritance of variant phenotypes. In each generation, sufficient numbers of progeny from R 0 , R 1 , and R 2 plants were grown to ensure a 95% probability of recovering a homozygous recessive phenotype, assuming single‐gene inheritance. Phenotypic variation was observed in the R 0 , R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 generations. Variant phenotypes included partial sterility (R 0 , R 1 , R 2 ), complete sterility (R 0 ,), abnormal leaf morphology (R 0 , R 1 , R 2 , R 3 ), chlorophyll chimeras (R 2 , R 3 ), chlorophyll‐deficiencies (R 2 , R 3 ), changes in growth habit (R 2 , R 3 ), yellow edges on cotyledons (R 3 ,), no unifoliates (R 3 ), dwarf plants (R 2 ), yellow‐green plants (R 3 ), and isozyme variants (R 2 ). Inheritance studies of chlorophyll‐deficient, curled leaf, and wrinkled leaf plants confirmed that these traits were genetically controlled. Segregation for genetically controlled traits initially was observed in the R 2 generation. This study produced variant phenotypes not previously reported that have potential for contributing to the understanding of the soybean genome.