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Antimitotic Agents: Effects on Double Haploid Production in Wheat
Author(s) -
Hassawi Dhia S.,
Liang George H.
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183x003100030037x
Subject(s) - oryzalin , colchicine , antimitotic agent , biology , trifluralin , plantlet , ploidy , doubled haploidy , botany , stamen , horticulture , pollen , tissue culture , genetics , agronomy , pesticide , gene , microtubule , tubulin , in vitro
Chromosome doubling of microspore‐derived plantlets and calli is a critical step in haploid breeding programs. For anther culture experiments, colchicine, ( S )‐ N ‐(5,6,7,9‐tetrahydro‐l,2,3,10‐tetramethoxy‐9‐oxobenzo[a]heptalen‐7‐yl)acetamide, is the most commonly used compound in doubling the chromosomes of seedlings derived from such experiments. Colchicine, however, is carcinogenic and expensive. We evaluated three antimitotic agents (colchicine; trifluralin, 2,6‐dinitro‐ N,N ‐dipropyl‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)benzenamine; and oryzalin, 4‐(dipropylamino)‐3,5‐dinitrobenzenesulfonamide) at two treatment durations (48 and 72 h) and two concentrations [colchicine at 0.0125% (313 μ M ) and 0.025% (626 μ M ), and both trifluralin and oryzalin at 5 and 10 μ M each for their effects on the production of double haploids from anther‐derived calli of two wheat [ Triticum aestivum (L.) em. Thell.] cultivars, Pavon and Kitt. Calli from Pavon were more responsive to the three agents than those from Kitt. Colchicine was the most effective in double the chromosome number. for Pavon, 89% of the plantlets from calli treated with colchicine were double haploids (2 n = 6 x = 42). However, treating calli for 72 h with colchicine at either concentration had a deleterious effect. No significant differences were observed between concentrations of any of the antimitotic agents. All the plantlets produced from the control treatment (without antimitotic agents) were polyhaploids (2 n = 3 x = 21). These results indicated that colchicine is still the most ffective compound for chromosome doubling, and colchicine treatment of anther‐derived calli is an effective method of obtaining a high frequency of double haploid plantlets through anther culture systems.