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Callus Induction and Differentiation from Leaf Explants of Different Species of the Genus Beta
Author(s) -
Yu M. H.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183x002900010044x
Subject(s) - callus , biology , explant culture , germplasm , botany , subculture (biology) , shoot , in vitro , biochemistry
The noncultivated Beta species are a potential source of germplasm for sugarbeet ( B. vulgaris L.) improvements, yet their in vitro regeneration has rarely been explored. This study was conducted to determine the regeneration ability of beet species across all four sections of the genus Beta . Leaf explants from 16 germplasm sources were cultured on MS basal medium containing N 6 ‐benzyladenine (BA). Accessions showed large differences in response to the medium. There was a positive association between leaf expansion and callus formation. Leaf explants from nine Vulgares and Corollinae species that became highly swollen generally produced a larger mass of callus than that of Nanae and Patellares . A large amount of callus was induced in B. vulgaris L., B. maritima L., B. intermedia Bung., and B. macrocarpa Guss, Callus formed in more than one cycle; when it was maintained without subculture 10 of the 14 species formed secondary callus on the darkened, senescing primary callus. Rooting occurred with nine species, none belonging to Nanae or Patellares . Shoots were regenerated only with B. vulgaris and B. macrocarpa . Explants from most Beta species exhibited optimum callus formation and differentiation at 31 °C; however, at 33 °C only B. atriplicifolia Rouy, B. lomatogona Fisc. et Mey., and B. intermedia responded. To induce in vitro regeneration of the diverse Beta germplasm, other growth regulators in addition to BA and 1‐Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) should be explored.