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Tannin Concentration and Quality Changes in Sorghum as Affected by Maturity and Sorghum Type 1
Author(s) -
Montgomery C. R.,
Nelson B. D.,
Joost Richard,
Mason L. F.
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183x002600020033x
Subject(s) - sorghum , tannin , biology , forage , hybrid , dry matter , condensed tannin , neutral detergent fiber , agronomy , sorghum bicolor , sweet sorghum , zoology , botany , proanthocyanidin , biochemistry , polyphenol , antioxidant
Speculation has arisen over the feeding value of silages produced from bird‐resistant (high tannin) sorghums [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of maturity on tannin content in the grain and whole plants of bird‐resistant and bird‐susceptible grain and forage sorghums, and to determine the relationship between tannin content and other quality attributes such as crude protein (CP), acid‐detergent fiber (ADF), neutral‐detergent fiber (NDF), and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). Four hybrids of each sorghum type were grown in the field, and entire plants were harvested at boot and hard‐dough stages of maturity. Grain was harvested at milk, hard‐dough, and mature stages. Significant differences ( P <0.05) were measured in grain tannin level among the three sorghum types. Tannin levels were highest in grain of bird‐resistant hybrids, with forage‐type sorghums being intermediate, and bird‐susceptible entries lowest. Significant reductions ( P <0.05) in tannin level occurred in grain of bird‐resistant hybrids as the grain matured, but increased significantly with maturity in the whole plant. Changes in whole‐plant tannin levels over the season were inconsistent in both bird‐susceptible and foragetype sorghums. Crude protein was significantly higher ( P <0.05) in grain at the milk stage than at hard‐dough for all hybrids. Significant reductions in CP were observed in all hybrids as the plant matured from boot to hard‐dough. Fibrous constituents, ADF and NDF, decreased and IVDMD increased significantly ( P <0.05) as plants matured. Whole‐plant tannin level was negatively correlated with CP and IVDMD, and positively related to fibrous constituents. Results of this study indicate that feeding value of the silage of bird‐resistant sorghum hybrids would be reduced by high concentration of tannin at the hard‐dough stage of maturity.