Premium
Evaluation of Physical Grain Quality in the BS17 and BSI (HS)CI Synthetics of Maize 1
Author(s) -
LeFord D. R.,
Russell W. A.
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1985.0011183x002500030010x
Subject(s) - heritability , breakage , biology , moisture , agronomy , anthesis , gene–environment interaction , inbred strain , zoology , grain quality , genotype , cultivar , materials science , composite material , genetics , gene
The objective of this study was to determine the potential for selection of maize ( Zea mays L.) genotypes that produce grain resistant to physical injury and to study relationships among physical grain traits during inbreeding. Materials evaluated were S 1 and S 2 lines derived from BS17 and BSI(HS)C1. Eight traits (kernel shear strength, visual endosperm rating, date of anthesis, grain harvest moisture, grain‐breakage susceptibility, weight per 300 kernels, volume per 300 kernels, and kernel density) of BS 17 S 1 and S 2 lines were evaluated in 1979 and 1980, respectively, and of BSI(HS)CI S 1 and S 2 lines in 1980 and 1981, respectively. All materials were grown at two locations. The analyses of variance combined over environments revealed that significant genetic variability among genotypes existed for all traits. Genotype ✕ environment interactions were generally significant for all traits except shear strength and kernel density. Estimated genotype ✕ environment interaction variance components were 0 to 66% as large as estimated genotypic variance components. Variance component heritability estimates (entry‐mean basis) for grain breakage ranged from 0.48 to 0.73. The optimum harvest moisture range for preservation of physical grain quality was 19 to 26%. Deviations from this optfimum grain moisture range resulted in increased grain breakage susceptibility. Grain resistant to breakage tended to be smaller, denser, and higher in shear strength. Correlations between traits indicated that entry means of S 1 line traits would have predictive value for the same traits of the S 2 lines. The data indicated that selection of S 2 lines for breakage‐resistant grain would cesult in earlier‐flowering S 2 lines with smaller kernels.