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Leaf Injury and Peroxidase Activity in Ozone‐Stressed Tobacco Cultivars and Hybrids 1
Author(s) -
Petolino J. F.,
Mulchi C. L.,
Aycock M. K.
Publication year - 1983
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1983.0011183x002300060019x
Subject(s) - ozone , hybrid , cultivar , peroxidase , nicotiana tabacum , fumigation , horticulture , biology , greenhouse , charcoal , botany , nicotiana , solanaceae , chemistry , biochemistry , enzyme , organic chemistry , gene
Ozone‐induced leaf injury and peroxidase activities in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) were studied under greenhouse and field conditions to determine if the stimulation in peroxidase activity could be used as a genetic marker for ozone induced biochemical stress. Greenhouse experiments involving four cultivars and six F 1 hybrids of Maryland tobacco were conducted during 1979 and 1980 and field experiments involving seven cultivars and 21 F 1 hybrids from a diallel set of crosses were grown in two environments at the University of Maryland Tobacco Experimental Farm during the summer of 1980. Plants were exposed to either charcoal‐filtered air or charcoal‐filtered air plus added ozone in partially open.topped fumigation chambers. Ozone levels used in the greenhouse exposures were 8.1 ✕ 10 −6 mol m −3 for 6 h day −1 for 2 days. Field ozone exposures were 4.9 ✕ 10 −6 mol m −3 for 6 h day −3 for 9 days. Visual leaf injury ratings and peroxidase activities were determined for the various treatments. Ozone exposure resulted in considerable visual leaf injury. All cultivars and hybrids exhibited some degree of foliar damage and significant differences were observed among the entries in both greenhouse and field exposures. ‘Md 872’ was consistently the most tolerant entry while ‘Md 59’ and ‘Bel‐W3’ appeared most sensitive with respect to foliar damage. Peroxidase activity was significantly higher in plants exposed to ozone as compared to the controls. Stimulation in peroxidase activity upon exposure to ozone was evident in all entries regardless of the amount of visual foliar injury which suggests that this enzyme may not be a reliable marker for ozone tolerance in tobacco. There was a general lack of genotype ✕ environment interaction for visual responses to ozone stress; however, peroxidase activity appeared to be highly sensitive to environmental changes.