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Growth and Composition of Kernels Developing on Excised Oat Panicles in Liquid Culture 1
Author(s) -
Lesar Lucia E.,
Peterson David M.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1981.0011183x002100050028x
Subject(s) - glutamine , panicle , avena , composition (language) , amino acid , bran , biology , caryopsis , sucrose , food science , nutrient , endosperm , chemically defined medium , horticulture , biochemistry , zoology , botany , poaceae , in vitro , raw material , ecology , linguistics , philosophy
Excised oat ( Avena sativa L., cv. ‘Froker’) panicles were cultured in defined media for 12 days, beginning 8 days after heading, to determine effects of supplied culture nutrients on growth, development, and composition of the grain. The sterile media contained 55.6 m M sucrose, mineral salts, vitamins, and various sources and levels of N. Dry weight increases of the groats were near normal when the N source was mixed amino acids, glutamine, or NH 4 NO 3 . The N concentration of the groats was increased to 3.85, 4.30, and 5.08% with mixed amino acids, glutamine, and NH 4 NO 3 , respectively, after 12 days in culture, as compared to a N concentration of about 2.96% for groats on intact plants. Electrophoresis and amino acid analysis of total groat protein revealed no marked differences between cultured and intact plants. The percentage of N in the bran fraction was increased by mixed amino acids medium, and that of the.endosperm by glutamine medium. There was no increase in nitrate in groats of the cultured panicles. Levels of soluble α‐amino N were increased slightly by the glutamine medium. It was concluded that the panicle culture technique is valid for study of the effects of supplied nutrients on grain composition. Groat N is responsive to the level of media N, and glutamine or NH 4 NO 3 adequate as a N source.