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Hybrids in the Genus Arachis Between Sections Erectoides and Arachis 1
Author(s) -
Stalker H. T.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
crop science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.76
H-Index - 147
eISSN - 1435-0653
pISSN - 0011-183X
DOI - 10.2135/cropsci1981.0011183x002100030002x
Subject(s) - arachis , hybrid , biology , ploidy , arachis hypogaea , botany , bivalent (engine) , pollen , genus , genetics , gene , chemistry , organic chemistry , metal
The objective of this study was to determine whether diploid members of section Arachis could potentially be used as bridges between section Erectoides Krap. et. Greg. nom. nud . and A. hypogaea . Two diploid (2n = 20) taxa of section Erectoides and their F 1 and F 2 C 1 hybrids were evaluated. The female parent, A. rigonii Krap. et Greg. (PI 262142, collection no. GKP 10034), and male parent, A . sp. (PI 262278, collection no. GKP 9841) had perfect bivalent formation, but the F 1 did not produce enough flowers to cytologically examine. The F 2 C 1 averaged 2.76 univalents, 18.48 bivalents, 0.04 trivalents, and 0.04 quadrivalents per pollen mother cell and pairing of chromosomes between the two section Erectoides species is believed to be minimal. Hybrids between the F 2 C 1 and the diploid section Arachis species A. stenosperma Greg. et Greg, nom. nud . (PI 338280, collection no. HLK 410) and A. duranensis Krap. et Greg. nom. nud . (PI 219823, collection no. K 7988) were studied. Multivalents were observed at a low frequency. Members of sections Erectoides and Arachis may have a common genome. The results indicate that gene transfer from section Erectoides species into the cultivated peanut seems possible by using diploid members of section Arachis as bridge species. Early metaphase I microsporocytes with an unreduced chromosome number were observed in three hybrids. Two fruits were recovered from intersectional colchicine‐treated hybrids, but the seeds were inviable. Future success in restoring fertility may depend on propagating large numbers of colchicine‐treated cuttings.